http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2505 2026-04-03T20:27:12Z 2026-04-03T20:27:12Z Semela, Tesfaye http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2532 2016-12-30T07:10:19Z 2006-08-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Academic, Social and Psychological Correlates of Gender Disparity in Higher Education: The Case of Debub University Authors: Semela, Tesfaye Abstract: The present study investigates the pattern of female academic success in higher education and their prospects in progressing through the system drawing a solid data on their academic status, socio-cultural and psychological factors, and personal background variables. The sample involved 134 (Male= 94 and Female = 40) first year students admitted in the 2003/2004 academic year. The methods used to collect information include students’ academic performance records, and a self-administered measure assessing respondents’ gender role attitude, general academic self concept, and perceived parental expectation. The results indicate that with the exception of College of Health Sciences, the attrition rate ranges from33% in the Faculty of Natural Sciences to as high as 46.7% in the College of Agriculture among girls who joined Debub University after the pre-university preparatory program. Further, the analyses generally indicate that females have low academic self-concept and are particularly less confident about their ability in traditionally masculine subjects like Mathematics and Physics. The low self-concept of ability in case of girls was related to their low academic performance. But boys and girls did not significantly vary in their gender role attitude indicating pervading traditional stereotypic beliefs. Finally, implications of the findings relevant to address gender equity in higher education institutions in Ethiopia are discussed.

2006-08-01T00:00:00Z Gizaw, Shumete http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2531 2016-12-30T07:05:38Z 2006-08-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Modernism’ in Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs): An overview of Students’ Vulnerability to HIV/AIDS Authors: Gizaw, Shumete Abstract: For the last twenty years, HIV/AIDS has been found to be the most devastating disease ever in the history of mankind. It is now the leading cause of death in Sub-Saharan Africa (WHO, 2005). Tens of millions of children and young people are at the front line of the epidemics advance, bearing the burden of its impact. In a world where more than 11.7 million children and young people are living with HIV/AIDS protecting young productive people against the epidemic is requisite. According to UNAIDS (2004), an estimated 10.3 million people aged 15-24 (where the highest infection rate in Ethiopia is also concentrated in the 15 –24 age groups) are living with HIV/AIDS, and half of all new infections–over 7000 daily- are occurring among young people. It is also believed that most HIV infections in Ethiopia occur among young people in their teens and 20s, and young women are particularly vulnerable. They are vulnerable to HIV because of risky sexual behaviour, substance abuse and their lack of access to HIV information and prevention services. With the aforementioned realities, in Ethiopia, most of the students of Higher learning Institutions (HLIs) are young; usually within the ages between 15-24. Most of them are adolescents and join the institutions at times of active sexual ages when no close relatives, no parents as it was in the high school, no brothers and sisters to stay together, no cultural boundaries which bounded the individual to be limited, etc. Students, therefore, join new social and academic environments that can either positively or negatively affect their behaviour, attitude, etc and feel ‘free’ to do things which were not practiced before.In HLIs of Ethiopia, the notion of having boy friends for girls and girlfriends for boys has been common phenomena among youth and regarded as the characteristics of modernism♣. The nighttime sex films, the mannerless clothing styles of girls, the feeling of chauvinism of young boys by having sex with a beautiful girl, etc are fertile situations to realize unsafe sex and get vulnerable to HIV/AIDS. This paper, therefore, assesses to what extent the feeling of ‘modernism’ and facing new social environment made students of HLIs vulnerable to HIV infection. To this effect, and to best explore the issue; this study utilized the triangle of human health ecology model. It also tried to suggest appropriate strategies to fight HIV/AIDS in HLIs and ways on how to equip students with better information about the issue under discussion.

2006-08-01T00:00:00Z Tegegne, Kassahun http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2530 2016-12-30T07:02:33Z 2006-08-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Factors Affecting Gender Equality in Private Higher Education of Ethiopia : The Case of North Gondar Authors: Tegegne, Kassahun Abstract: In most developing countries like Ethiopia girls and women are worse off than boys and men with regard to access to and participation in schooling. The various factors, which affect gender equality in education, can be grouped into demand and supply sides. On the demand side, socio-economic and cultural factors will affect the behavior and the choices of parents and students to join a certain department. On the supply side, political and institutional factors linked to the schools will affect gender equality in education. To examine these problems, the study will draw the following objectives. (1) To assess how socio-economic and political factors affect gender equality in private higher institutions of North Gondar, (2) To examine the cultural and institutional factors that affect female students’ participation in private higher institutions of North Gondar. To achieve the above stated objectives, the study will use cross-sectional survey on the basis of simple random sampling technique. The study will also use both secondary and primary data. Qualitative and quantitative data will be collected using open-ended and close-ended questionnaires, In-depth interview and focus group discussion. The sample population will consist of 406 female students of private higher institutions. To identify the major factors that affect gender equality in private higher education of female students, therefore, the study will dig out the various socio-economic, political and cultural factors. On the bases of the findings, policy recommendations will be forwarded in order to narrow the gap in gender disparities in higher education.

2006-08-01T00:00:00Z Berhanu, Biruk http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2529 2016-12-30T06:59:25Z 2006-08-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Behavioral Change and Response to HIV/AIDS Prevention Techniques among Students of Private Colleges of Addis Ababa Authors: Berhanu, Biruk Abstract: The extent of damage caused by HIV/AIDS, particularly, in developing countries calls for every one’s contribution towards its prevention. The danger is more serious imagining adolescents and adults as primary victims of the disease. Hence, this study is done to identify the level of HIV/AIDS related issues such as knowledge, behavioral change, risk perception, and appraisal of recommended responses among private college students of Addis Ababa, where the most vulnerable age group could be found. Associations of behavioral change with the others are also determined. 230 subjects were randomly selected from two of the private colleges found in Addis Ababa. And data were obtained from the subjects using self administered questionnaire. And then a descriptive analysis of it was done. Correlation analysis was also made to see the association between behavioral changes with the factors mentioned above. Knowledge about HIV/AIDS was found to be high among the participants. Although the over all behavior/practice was safe by majority, unsafe sexual behaviors were also observed from the result. Subjects’ risk perception was found to be in a good position. The same is true for appraisal of recommended responses. Positive correlation was obtained between behavioral change and the rest of factors suggesting their contribution to behavioral change.

2006-08-01T00:00:00Z